MOTS-c_RUO 10mg

MOTS-c 10mg (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA type-c) is a synthetic, mitochondrial-derived peptide consisting of 16 amino acids with the sequence Met-Arg-Trp-Gln-Glu-Met-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Tyr-Pro-Arg-Lys-Leu-Arg (MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR). This highly conserved peptide (particularly the first 11 residues across species) has a molecular formula of C₁₀₁H₁₅₂N₂₈O₂₂S₂ and a molecular weight of approximately 2174.6 Da. Encoded by a short open reading frame in the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene (MT-RNR1), it is translated in the cytoplasm using the standard genetic code and functions as a retrograde signaling molecule that translocates to the nucleus under metabolic stress conditions. Supplied as high-purity lyophilized powder (>98% purity, verified by HPLC and mass spectrometry), MOTS-c is intended exclusively for in vitro research and scientific experimentation. It is commonly utilized in preclinical laboratory models to investigate mitochondrial-nuclear communication pathways, AMPK activation (via folate-purine-AMPK signaling), metabolic homeostasis regulation, glucose uptake and utilization in skeletal muscle, fatty acid β-oxidation enhancement, insulin sensitivity modulation, cellular stress resistance (e.g., oxidative and metabolic stress), mitochondrial biogenesis/fusion/mitophagy dynamics, anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and related processes in cellular assays (e.g., HEK293, skeletal muscle cells, fibroblasts), tissue models, or animal systems exploring metabolic disorders (e.g., insulin resistance, obesity, type 2 diabetes models), aging phenotypes, exercise mimetic effects, cardiovascular protection, neurodegeneration, and age-related decline in energy metabolism and physical performance.